How can network segmentation prevent lateral movement during a cyberattack?

Network segmentation is a security measure that involves dividing a computer network into smaller sub-networks to create multiple security zones. This helps prevent attackers from moving laterally within a network if they gain unauthorized access to one segment. By segmenting the network, each zone can have its own security controls and access restrictions, limiting the potential impact of a breach.

Network segmentation can be implemented using various methods such as VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks), firewalls, and routers. VLANs separate traffic based on logical groupings rather than physical connections. Firewalls can be used to create access control policies between network segments, controlling which traffic is allowed to pass through. Routers can also be configured to restrict communication between different network segments.

By employing network segmentation, organizations can enhance their overall security posture by reducing the attack surface and increasing the difficulty for attackers to move laterally within the network.