IoT devices face challenges like weak passwords, outdated firmware, and lack of encryption, which make them vulnerable to various cyber threats.

Unauthorized access to IoT devices can be prevented by enabling strong passwords, multi-factor authentication, and access control policies.

Data encryption secures information transmitted between IoT devices and systems, ensuring it remains confidential and protected from unauthorized access.

Securing OTA updates involves using encryption, digital signatures, and verified update sources to prevent tampering or malicious modifications.

Malware attacks can compromise IoT devices by exploiting vulnerabilities. Regular updates, monitoring, and strong security practices can reduce these risks.

Denial-of-service attacks overwhelm IoT devices, disrupting functionality. Rate limiting and network segmentation can mitigate these attacks.