How does a virtual private network (VPN) secure data transmission and protect online activities?

What is the difference between hashing and encryption, and when is each technique used?

How do security information and event management (SIEM) systems collect and analyze security data?

What steps are involved in a digital forensics investigation to identify and analyze cyber incidents?

How does a sandbox environment safely analyze malware without risking system security?

What is the role of network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) in identifying potential security threats?

How do cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks compromise web applications and steal user information?

What does the CIA triad—confidentiality, integrity, and availability—represent in cybersecurity, and why is it fundamental?

What are the essential components of a disaster recovery plan, and how do they ensure resilience?

How do man-in-the-middle attacks intercept communications, and what measures can prevent them?