Physical tampering can be mitigated by using tamper-evident seals, secure enclosures, and monitoring devices for unauthorized physical access.

Common IoT vulnerabilities include weak passwords, unpatched firmware, insecure APIs, and lack of encryption for transmitted data.

Network segmentation isolates IoT devices from critical systems, reducing the risk of lateral movement in case of a breach.

Weak passwords make IoT devices susceptible to brute-force attacks. Strong, unique passwords should be implemented for each device.

Intrusion detection systems monitor IoT networks for suspicious activities, enabling timely responses to potential security threats.

Implementing end-to-end security in IoT is challenging due to diverse devices, limited resources, and lack of standardization across ecosystems.

Lack of standardization in IoT security creates gaps in device interoperability and leaves devices exposed to unique vulnerabilities.