How does public key infrastructure (PKI) provide secure communication through encryption and digital certificates?
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How does public key infrastructure (PKI) provide secure communication through encryption and digital certificates?
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) provides secure communication through encryption and digital certificates by utilizing a pair of cryptographic keys for each participant in the communication process – a public key and a private key. The public key is widely distributed and used for encrypting communications, while the private key is kept confidential and used for decrypting the encrypted data.
When one party wants to send secure information to another, they use the recipient’s public key to encrypt the data. Only the recipient possessing the corresponding private key can decrypt and access the original information.
Furthermore, digital certificates issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) validate the ownership of public keys, ensuring that the keys belong to the claimed entities. This verification process helps prevent impersonation or tampering with communications, adding an extra layer of security to the PKI system.