What are the common security protocols used in cyber security systems?

Commonly used security protocols ensure secure communication and data transfer within systems through various mechanisms:

1. Encryption: Protocols like SSL/TLS encrypt data being transferred to prevent unauthorized access. This ensures that even if intercepted, the data remains unreadable to unauthorized parties.

2. Authentication: Security protocols incorporate user authentication mechanisms to verify the identity of parties engaging in communication. This prevents unauthorized access and ensures only trusted entities are involved in the data transfer.

3. Integrity: Security protocols use techniques like hashing and digital signatures to ensure data integrity. This prevents data tampering during transmission, guaranteeing that the data received is the same as that sent.

4. Secure Handshakes: Protocols establish secure handshakes between communicating parties to negotiate encryption algorithms, exchange keys securely, and validate the authenticity of the connection.

5. Access Control: Security protocols enforce access control policies to define who can access the system or data, what actions they can perform, and under what conditions.

6. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Security protocols often work in conjunction with firewalls and IDS to monitor and filter network traffic, detecting and preventing potential security breaches.

7. Vulnerability Mitigation: Security protocols may include mechanisms to mitigate known vulnerabilities and protect systems against common threats such as DDoS attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and SQL injection.

Overall, security protocols create a layered defense approach to secure communication and data transfer within systems, ensuring confidentiality,